Turkey Turkey is a constitutional republic with an executive presidential system and a unicameral 600-seat parliament (the Grand National Assembly).Under broad antiterror legislation passed in 2018, the government continued to restrict fundamental freedoms and compromised the rule of law. Restrictions on freedoms of assembly, association, and expression prior to the May 2023 presidential and parliamentary elections were a significant development that negatively affected the state of human rights in Turkey. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe observers reported citizens were able to express their right to vote freely among genuine political alternatives but expressed concerns regarding media bias and restrictions on freedoms of assembly, association, and expression, which created an uneven playing field and contributed to an unfair advantage for the incumbent. Members of the security forces committed abuses, and impunity was a significant problem. Clashes between security forces and the Kurdistan Workers’ Party terrorist organization and its affiliates continued and resulted in the injury or death of security forces, terrorists, and civilians. The government did not release information on efforts to investigate or prosecute personnel for wrongful or inadvertent deaths of civilians linked to counterterrorism operations. The government took limited steps to identify and punish some officials who may have committed human rights abuses. The overall score indicates that there are substantial risks of potential human rights violations in this country. This may also include the tourism sector. Relevant risks for the tourism sector are, e.g.:Severe restriction of freedoms of assembly, association and movementGender-based violenceViolence against members of national/racial or ethnic minority groupsViolence against LGBTQI+ persons Explanation of the score data structure For better comparability, we have converted the original scores of the indices to a uniform scale of 1-100 (1 most negative, 100 most positive). In the following table you find these recalculated values and the original score in brackets behind them. For information and a link to the original index click on "?" in the table. The Overall Score is the geometric mean of all converted values for each country. It is subcategorized in five risk categories with colour gradations that can be seen in the map. You can find more details on the methodology here. Downloads Methodology overall score 232.26 KB Overall Score 43/100 Global Rights Index 10,0/100 (5) Human Development Index 85,5/100 (0,855) Kids Rights Index 85,3/100 (0,853) Children's Rights in the Workplace Index 63,0/100 (3,7) Global Slavery Index 49,0/100 (51,0) Trafficking in persons report 62,5/100 (T2) Global Gender Gap Index 63,8/100 (0,638) Rule of Law Index 41,0/100 (0,41) Fragile States Index 32,3/100 (81,2) Freedom in the World Index 33,0/100 (33) Environmental Performance Index 37,6,3/100 (37,6) Corruption Perceptions Index 34,0/100 (34) Equality Index 38,0/100 (38)
Explanation of the score data structure For better comparability, we have converted the original scores of the indices to a uniform scale of 1-100 (1 most negative, 100 most positive). In the following table you find these recalculated values and the original score in brackets behind them. For information and a link to the original index click on "?" in the table. The Overall Score is the geometric mean of all converted values for each country. It is subcategorized in five risk categories with colour gradations that can be seen in the map. You can find more details on the methodology here. Downloads Methodology overall score 232.26 KB